YCF01GeneralIntroduction02SampleLetters03WritingSkills目录CATALOG04PracticalGuide05Exercises
01
Insuranceisanimportantpartofforeigntrade.Ininternationalbusiness,thetransportationofthegoodsfromthesellertothebuyerisusuallyoveralongdistanceandhastogothroughtheproceduresofloading,unloading,andstoring.Thisprocessinvolvesvariousriskswhichmayresultinthedamageorlossofthegoods,andthustheinconveniencesorevenfinanciallossestoboththesellerandthebuyer.Toprotectthegoodsagainstpossiblelosses,beforegoodsareshipped,thebuyerorthesellerusuallyappliestoaninsurancecompanyforinsurancecoveringthegoodstobetransported.Insuranceisdefinedasfinancialprotectionagainstlossorharm.Itisanarrangementbywhichacompanygivescustomersfinancialprotectionagainstloss,damage,anddelayintransit,inreturnforpaymentthatis
calledapremium.Theinsurancecompanyagreestopayifaspecifiedundesirableeventoccurs.Arrangementsforinsurancemaybemadebyeitherthebuyerortheseller,inaccordancewiththetermsofsale.Shipmentsbyseaarecoveredbymarinecargoinsurance.Airshipmentsinsuranceisoftenpurchasedfromtheaircarrier.Therearecompaniesthatdealininternationalinsuranceknownasinternationalinsurancecarriers.Besides,insurancecanalsobearrangedthroughfreightforwarders(货运代理).Theseagentsarefamiliarwiththeimportrulesandregulationsofforeigncountries,theexportregulationsoftheirgovernment,themethodsofshipping,andthedocumentsrelatedtoforeigntrade.Therearemanydifferentkindsofinsuranceandmostareratherspecificandcomplicated.Someofthemostcommoninsurancepolicyoptionsinclude:
●AAR(againstallrisks);●AllRisks;●Breakage;●FPA(freefromparticularaverage);●FreshWaterDamage;●MoistureDamage;●ParticularAverage;●PerilontheSea;●SeaWaterDamage;●TPND(theft,pilferage,non-del