After-readingA.Answerthefollowingquestions.1.HumptyDumptyhasatleastthreemeaningsinthetext.Whatarethey?2.WhatisaHumptyDumptyCommunity?3.Whatdoes“undothislittleextinction”(Para.3)meaninthetext?Whyisitdifficulttoundoanextinction?4.Whatdoes“ghosts”refertointhetext?Whatroledo“ghosts”playintheecosystems?5.Whatisthetexttryingtotellus?1.Firstly,it’sthenameofanegg-shapedfellowinanurseryrhyme;secondly,it’sthenameofakindofgene;thirdly,it’sthenameofakindofecologicalcommunity.2.It’sanecologicalcommunitythatcannotberebuiltwhenitdisintegrates.3.Itmeanstoputextinctspeciesbackintonature.It’sdifficultbecausethemissingspecies’placeintheecologicalcommunitymighthavebeentakenbyotherspecies,orsomespeciesthattheydependonnolongerexist.4.“Ghosts”referstospeciesthatdriveotherspeciesextinct.Theyhaveadefinite,butunseenimpactonthestabilityofanecologicalcommunity.5.Weshouldtryourbesttoprotectthefragileecologicalcommunitieswhichcannotberebuiltifdamaged.After-readingB.Whenyouwerereadingthetext,youmighthavefoundthattheunderlinedexpressionsinthefollowingsentenceswerenewtoyou.Butyoumighthavesuccessfullyguessedtheirmeaning.Whatcontextclueshavehelpedyoutodoso?1.Icouldn’thelpchucklingatmyselftheothermorning...2.Now,supposeoneofthespeciesdisappears...Youwanttoundothislittleextinction.3.Someotheranimalsmighthaveoccupiedthefish’sniche,preventingthefishfrommovinginagain.4....ifitdisintegrates,youcannotrebuilditfromitsparts.5.Experimentsinthewildaredifficulttocontrol,andimportantvariablesareoftenhardtomeasure.After-reading6.Sometimesthesenewarrivalsfailtothrive.Sometimestheybecomeestablished…7.Thesecondhalftookthepersiste