PAGE
PAGEI
兖州区农村小学教师职业幸福感的现状、成因及对策研究
摘要
教师的幸福感是影响教育质量以及学生发展的关键要素，提高农村小学教师的职业幸福感对于乡村教育振兴有着非常关键的意义，此次研究以济宁市兖州区的农村小学教师作为研究对象，借助问卷调查以及深度访谈的方式，剖析其职业幸福感的现状以及产生影响的因素，结果说明，超过半数的教师幸福感处于较低水平，主要受到职业认同不够、专业发展受到限制、工作条件较为简陋、薪资待遇不高、社会支持薄弱等因素的约束。研究从教师自身、学校、社会、政府这四个层面提出了提升的途径：教师要构建职业认同、提高专业能力、关注自身身心健康，学校应该改善教学条件、搭建发展平台、减轻工作负担，社会需要提高教师的地位、建立合理的期待，政府需要增加经费投入、优化晋升机制、完善乡村基础设施。该研究为区域性教师幸福支持体系的构建提供了实证方面的参考，可农村基础教育质量的提高。
关键词：农村小学教师、职业幸福感、提升路径
PAGE
PAGEII
Abstract
Thehappinessofteachersisakeyelementaffectingthequalityofeducationandthedevelopmentofstudents.Improvingtheprofessionalhappinessofruralprimaryschoolteachersisofverycrucialsignificancefortherevitalizationofruraleducation.ThisstudytakesruralprimaryschoolteachersinYanzhouDistrict,JiningCityastheresearchobject.Bymeansofquestionnairesurveysandin-depthinterviews,itanalyzesthecurrentsituationoftheirprofessionalhappinessandtheinfluencingfactors.Theresultsshowthatmorethanhalfoftheteachershavearelativelylowlevelofhappiness,mainlyconstrainedbyfactorssuchasinsufficientprofessionalidentity,restrictedprofessionaldevelopment,relativelysimpleworkingconditions,lowsalaryandbenefits,andweaksocialsupport.Theresearchproposesthewaysofimprovementfromfourlevels:teachersthemselves,schools,societyandthegovernment:Teachersshouldbuildprofessionalidentity,enhanceprofessionalcapabilities,andpayattentiontotheirownphysicalandmentalhealth.Schoolsshouldimproveteachingconditions,builddevelopmentplatforms,andreduceworkburdens.Societyneedstoraisethestatusofteachersandestablishreasonableexpectations.Thegovernmentneedstoincreasefinancialinput,optimizethepromotionmechanism,andimproveruralinfrastructure.Thisstudyprovidesempiricalreferencesfortheconstructionofaregionalteacherhappinesssupportsystem,whichcanimprovethequalityofruralbasiceducation.
K