高级中学名校试题

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广东省深圳高级中学2025届高三下学期

英语学科测试（一）试卷

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

?Whataregeysers?

Geysersaretypesofhotspringswhichperiodicallyshootacolumnofsteamingwaterhighintotheair.TheyoccurinareasofvolcanicactivitywherehotlavaisfoundclosetotheEarth’ssurface.ThenamecomesfromtheIcelandicverbgeysa,togush.

?Howdogeyserswork?

Geysersonlyformunderveryspecificconditions.Theremustbeamplegroundwater;anundergroundheatsource;anda‘plumbingsystem’madeupofreservoirsandverticalpassagesor‘pipes’throughwhichheatedwatertravelsonitswaytotheEarth’ssurface.

CoolwaterontheEarth’ssurfacetricklesdownthroughporous(多孔渗水的)rock.Asitapproachestheheatsource(hotrocksoramagmachamber)itisheatedtoextremelyhightemperaturesandstartstorisethrougha‘pipe’.Thewaterwouldusuallyturntosteambutitsdepth,plustheweightofcoolerwateraboveit,createswhatiscalledaconfiningpressurethatpreventsthesuperheatedwaterfromboilingandturningtosteam.Asthewaterrisesthispressurelessensandsteamfinallyformsandistrappedinthereservoir.OvertimethepressureinthereservoircontinuestobuilduntilthesteamforcesthewaterupwardsthroughthepassagetothesurfaceoftheEarth,whereiteruptsthroughaventinaspectacularcolumnofsteamingwater.

?Wherearegeysersfound?

Geysersarerare,withonlyaround1,000activeworldwide.TheyoccurintheUnitedStates(US),Russia,Chile,NewZealandandIceland.Someeruptalmostpredictablyincyclesofminutes,hoursordays,andsomehaveyearsbetweeneruptions.ThetallestactivegeyserintheworldisSteamboatGeyserinYellowstoneNationalPark(US)whichcanshootwatermorethan90metresintotheair.Unfortunately,ithasonlydonesofivetimesfrom2003to2013.

1.Thediagramhelpsto________.

A.givemoredetailedexplanations