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极地运输船舶环保性技术分析
摘要
极地通航的战略地位不断提高，并且逐渐被世界各国所重视。人类活动不断增强(旅游、航运、油气开采、海洋工程建设等)，航运业务逐渐拓展到两级海域，极地区域的环境问题随之而来。如果在极地海域发生船舶污染，会导致难于治理，生态环境恢复难的问题。因此，极地运输船舶的环保性也逐渐受到人们的重视，根据极地规则等规范，提供了极地航运治理措施。此外航运业每年的二氧化碳排放量也不容忽。在全球节能减排以降低温室效应，延缓极地冰川融化的大背景下，航运业减排势在必行。
在此种背景下本文以育鹏轮为对象，假设其将要到极地航道展开教学任务。采用MAXSURF软件建立船体模型，将模型导入STABILITY模块和RESISTANCE模块计算船舶静水力，船体阻力，有效功率。根据计算结果计算育鹏轮EEDI船舶能效设计指数，并与基线做对比。采用层次分析方法。提出评价指标，建立极地运输船舶环保性评价体系，应用于育鹏轮，对育鹏轮未来极地航行的改造方案进行讨论。
关键词：极地运输船舶；极地规则；能效设计指数；层次分析法
ABSTRACT
Thestrategicpositionofpolarnavigationhasbeenincreasing,andithasbeenpaidmoreandmoreattentionbyallcountriesintheworld.Withtheincreasinghumanactivities(tourism,shipping,oilandgasexploitation,oceanengineeringconstruction,etc.)andthegradualexpansionofshippingbusinesstotwolevelsofsea,environmentalproblemsinthepolarregionhavefollowed.Ifshippollutionoccursinpolarseas,itwillbedifficulttocontrolandrestoretheecologicalenvironment.Therefore,peoplegraduallypayattentiontotheenvironmentalprotectionofpolartransportships.Accordingtothepolarregulationsandothernorms,polarshippinggovernancemeasuresareprovided.Thenthereistheshippingindustrysannualcarbondioxideemissions.Underthebackgroundofglobalenergyconservationandemissionreductiontoreducegreenhouseeffectanddelaythemeltingofpolarglaciers,theemissionreductionofshippingindustryisimperative.
Inthiscontext,thispapertakesTheYupengwheelastheobject,assumingthatitwillcarryoutteachingtasksinthepolarwaterway.HullmodelwasestablishedbyMAXSURFsoftware,andthemodelwasimportedintoSTABILITYmoduleandRESISTANCEmoduletocalculateshiphydrostatic,hullRESISTANCEandeffectivepower.TheEEDIshipenergyefficiencydesignindexwascalculatedbasedonthecalculationresultsandcomparedwiththebaseline.Theevaluationindexisputforwardbyahpmethod,andtheenvironmentalprotectione