高考英语一轮复习语法突破;目录contents;考向1动词不定式作宾语或补足语
单句语法填空;3.(2023·全国I卷)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill......
【解析】考查非谓语动词。decidewhethertodosth.“决定是否做某事”,用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语,空处与后面toput并列作宾语,故填tobite。
4.(2023·全国I卷)Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem___________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语liftout与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式。故填tobelifted。;5.(2019·浙江卷)Butsomestudentsdidn’twant________(wear)theuniform.
【解析】考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。wanttodosth.想要做某事,这是want的固定用法。故填towear。;7.(2017·全国Ⅰ)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired__________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。requiresth./sb.todosth.需要某物/某人做某事,此处用其被动语态结构,所以填动词不定式toprocess作主语补足语。故填toprocess。;考向2作主语或表语;3.(新课标全国Ⅰ)Ittookyearsofwork__________(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,该句结构为Ittakes/took+时间+todosth.。;考向3作定语
单句语法填空;考向4作状语
单句语法填空;3.(2023·全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)—________(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填toteach。;5.(2022·新高考全国I卷)Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup______(see)them.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句意??分析句子结构可知,此处用动词不定式做目的状语。故用tosee。;7.(2021·全国II卷)Idecidedtodosomething__________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构可知,(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem用做目的状语,所以用动词不定式。故填toeducate。?;9.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong_______(see)thebenefit.
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑得太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语,故填tosee。
10.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorni