主动语态与被动语态;一、英语的谓语动词的语态;二、各种时态的被动语态形式:
be+过去分词
?一般现在时:am/is/aredone
?一般过去时:was/weredone
?含有情态动词的被动语态
can/must/needntbedone
其他:
现在进行时:am/is/arebeingdone
过去进行时:was/werebeingdone
现在完成时:have/hasbeendone
过去完成时:hadbeendone
一般将来时:shall/willbedone;
begoingtobedone
;三、主动语态变被动语态解题步骤;Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.
一般现在时的被动语态:
S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词;Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.;2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm.
;Heboughthisfriendsomefruitsyesterday.;3.JimcantakegoodcareofTina.;Hecancarrythebasket.;1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.
Knives____________forcuttingthings.
2.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.;1)seesb.doingsth.
被动语态:sb.beseendoingsth.;Hetoldustogettoschoolearly.;3)makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.;Wehearhimplayinthenextroom.
Heisheard_________inthenextroom.
;BobsentKatealetterlastyear.;;3.动词短语的被动语态;5.不用被动语态的几种情况:;3)某些动词形式是主动,但含有被动的意思。;不用被动语态的情况
1.不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态。例如:
(错)Thepricehasbeenrisen.
(对)Thepricehasrisen.
(错)Thepricehasraised.
(对)Thepricehasbeenraised.
(错)Pleaseseat.
(对)Pleasebeseated.
要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。
2.系动词无被动语态,如appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。例如:
Itsoundsgood.听上去不错。
;2)不及物动词没有被动语态。;主动形式表示被动意义
1.表示主语特征、状态的动词wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell等。例如:
Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。
2.betoblame(受谴责),betorent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。例如:
Iwastoblamefortheaccident.事故发生了,我该受指责。
3.在need,require,want,worth(形容词),deserve后例如:
Thedoorneedsrepairing.
=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.门该修了。;4.在“be+形容词+todo”中,不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语,用主动代被动。
Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.
Thegirlisn’teasytogetalon