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2024年小升初毕业英语语法总复习
(15)一般过去时
一般过去时的定义:
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday,lastnight,someyearsago,in1990,inthosedays等连用。
1.一般过去时的基本结构
(1)主语+be动词(was/were)+其他.
(2)主语+行为动词+其他.
【例题】单项选择。
()OurteacherustothemuseumandtoldusastoryaboutJianzhen.
A.takes B.willtake C.took
【答案】C
【解析】由后半句的动词told可知,此句是一般过去时。前半句与后半句时态要保持一致,故选C。
2.动词过去式的变化规则
在一般过去时中,谓语动词应当用动词过去式的形式。
(1)动词过去式的规则变化
情况
构成规则
举例
一般动词
动词词尾加-ed
work-worked
play-played
want-wanted
以不发音的e结尾的动词
动词词尾加-d
live-lived
move-moved
hope-hoped
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词
双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed
stop-stopped
drop-dropped
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词
把y变为i再加-ed
study-studied
cry-cried
carry-carried
(2)常见的动词过去式的不规则变化
动词原形
过去式
am/is/are
was/were
become
became
begin
began
bring
brought
buy
bought
can
could
come
came
cut
cut
do/does
did
draw
drew
drink
drank
drive
drove
eat
ate
fall
fell
feel
felt
find
found
fly
flew
get
got
give
gave
go
went
have/has
had
hear
heard
hurt
hurt
keep
kept
know
knew
learn
learnt/learned
leave
left
let
let
lose
lost
make
made
meet
met
put
put
read
read
run
ran
say
said
see
saw
send
sent
sing
sang
sit
sat
teach
taught
tell
told
wake
woke
write
wrote
wear
wore
【例题】单项选择。
()1.—Whoyouupthismorning?
—Mikedid.
A.wakes B.woke C.wake
()2.Themousethenetwithhisteethandsoonhemadeabighole.
A.bited B.bit C.bite
【答案】1.B2.B
【解析】1.由答句可知,问句是一般过去时,故动词用wake的过去式woke。
2.由后半句made可知,此句是一般过去时,动词用bite的过去式bit。
3.一般过去时的几种句式
(1)肯定句
①主语+be动词(was/were)+其他.如:
Iwasyoungthen.那时我还年轻。
②主语+行为动词过去式+其他.如:
Theyhadapartylastweek.他们上周有一场聚会。
(2)否定句
①be动词:在was或温热后加not。如:
Nancywasn’tinBeijinglastyear.去年南希不在北京。
②行为动词:didn’t+动词原形。如:
Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday。吉姆昨天没回家。
(3)一般疑问句:
①be动词:把was或were调到句首。如:
Wereyouthereatthattime?那时你在那儿吗?
②行为动词:在句首加助动词Did,句中的动词过去式变回原形。如:
DidJimgohomeyesterday?吉姆昨天回家了吗?
(4)特殊疑问句:
①疑问词+一般疑问句?如:
WhatdidJimdoyesterday?吉姆昨天做了什么?
②疑问词作主语时:疑问词+行为动词过去式+其他?如:
Whowenthomeyesterday?昨天谁回家了?
【例题】按要