ChapterFourPackingandTransportation4.1Packing4.2Transportation

4.1Packing

4.1.1PackingProbleminLawPacking,inbusinesspractice,isoneofthemostimportantproblemswhichconfrontmerchantsengagedinforeigntrade.Itisappropriatepackingthatcouldpreventorminimizethedamageoftheshipment.Neitheranexporternoranimporterlikestohavegoodsshippedorreceivedinadamagedcondition.Hence,inthisrespect,suitablepackingisofgreatnecessityandimportance.Inaddition,inlaw,theproblemofpackingisrelevantinthreeotherrespects.

Firstly,thebuyerisincertaincircumstancesentitledtorefusetheacceptanceofthegoodsiftheyarenotpackedinaccordancewithhisinstructionsorwiththecustomofthetrade.Itisessentialfortheimporterthatthegoodsshouldbesuppliedinthestipulatedpacking;Whentheconditionisbroken,thebuyerisentitledtorejectthegoods,andwheregoods,whicharepackedinthestipulatedmanner,aremixedwithothergoods,thebuyermayrejectthewholeconsignmentor,ifheprefers,onlythatpartofwhichispackedcontrarytotheagreement.

Secondly,thepackingisrelevanttoshippingrequirements.Freightispaidontheweightormeasurementorvalueofcargoandtheship-ownerisentitledtodemandthecalculationofthefreightofhighestrate.Thesellershouldconsulthisshippingagentinordertoascertainthemodeofpackingwhichisrequiredtosecureafavorablerateoffreight.Wherestowageondeckisagreedupon,thebuyerpresumablywishestohaveastrongerpackagethanwherethegoodsarestowedintheholds.Themasteroftheshipwillrefusetosignacleanbillofladingifthepackageisdefective,andtheseller,whounderhiscontractwiththebuyerisobligedtorenderthelatteracleanbill,willbeunabletodoso.Thepackagesshouldbemarkedandbrandedinstrictcompliancewiththedirectionsofthebuyerwhoisempoweredtorefusetheaccep