本科毕业论文
股东优先购买权的侵害与救济
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摘要
股东优先购买权是公司法中保障股东权益的一项重要制度，旨在保护现有股东的投资利益，防止股权结构的突变对公司治理和股东利益产生不利影响。然而，在实际操作中，股东优先购买权的行使面临诸多法律挑战，尤其是在股东未依法履行通知义务、同等条件认定不清以及与第三方签订股权转让合同时出现的法律纠纷。本文围绕股东优先购买权的法律性质、制度价值及其在我国公司法中的实际应用展开分析，探讨了当前法律规定中的不足之处，并提出了相应的改进建议。通过对股东优先购买权的深入剖析，本文总结了股东行使优先购买权的救济途径，尤其是股东撤销权的行使条件、按相同条款购买股权的原则及与第三方签订股权转让合同的法律效力等问题。最终，本文认为，完善股东优先购买权的法律规定，加强司法解释的统一性以及明确同等条件的标准，是保障股东利益、促进公司治理现代化的关键。
关键词：股东优先购买权；法律性质；救济途径；股权转让、同等条件
Abstract
Shareholderspreemptiverightsareanimportantsystemincompanylawthataimstoprotecttheinterestsofexistingshareholders,preventingchangesintheownershipstructurefromnegativelyimpactingcorporategovernanceandshareholderbenefits.However,inpractice,theexerciseofshareholderspreemptiverightsfacesvariouslegalchallenges,especiallyissuesarisingfromshareholdersfailingtofulfillnotificationobligations,uncleardefinitionsofequalterms,anddisputesrelatedtosharetransfercontractswiththirdparties.Thispaperanalyzesthelegalnature,systemvalue,andpracticalapplicationofshareholderspreemptiverightsunderChinascompanylaw,discussingtheshortcomingsinthecurrentlegalprovisionsandofferingsuggestionsforimprovement.Throughanin-depthexaminationofshareholderspreemptiverights,thispapersummarizestheremediesavailabletoshareholders,particularlyfocusingontheconditionsforexercisingtherightofrevocation,theprincipleofpurchasingsharesunderthesameterms,andthelegaleffectofsharetransfercontractswiththirdparties.Ultimately,thispaperarguesthatimprovingthelegalprovisionsonshareholderspreemptiverights,enhancingtheuniformityofjudicialinterpretations,andclarifyingthestandardofequaltermsarekeytosafeguardingshareholderinterestsandpromotingthemodernizationofcorporategovernance.
KeyWords:Shareholderspreemptiverights;Legalnature;Remedies；remedies;Sharetra