Unit4
Astronomy:thescience
ofthestars
Learningaboutlanguage;4.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.;1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsago…
2.…itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.;3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.
4.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresence…
5.Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.;Nounclausesasthesubject;主语从句;引导主语从句的关联词有三类:
1)附属连词that。如:Thattheyweretrue
sisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblance
betweenthem.
很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。
2)?附属连词whether。如:
Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.??
他是否会来这里还不清楚。;3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,连接副词where,when,how,why。
Whatshedidisnotyetknown.??
她干了什么尚不清楚。
Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.
这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoevercomesiswelcome.??不管谁来都欢送。;主语从句三要素;在主语从句中,谓语一般用单数。;what与that在引导主语从句时的区别
what引导主语从句时在从句中充当
句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,而that那么不然。
1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.
2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.;Whateverandwhoever;whether与if;②whether引导的从句一般不可以为否认构造
(选择问句的后一局部除外);而if那么可以跟
否认构造,如:
Idon’tcareifshedoesn’tcome.
Idon’tcareifitdoesn’train.
但是,在某些动词或形容词之后,那么可以用
whether引导一个否认构造的句子,这种
构造往往表示肯定的含义,如:
Iwonderwhetherhedoesn’tthinktoo
muchofhimself.
=Ithinkhedoesthinktoomuchofhimself.;③?在个别动词之后,如discuss等,只跟用
whether引导的宾语从句,如:
Theydiscussedwhethertheyshould
closetheshop.
WediscussedwhetherMarycouldjoinus.
④?whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语,
而if那么不能,如:
I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’ll
goornot.;⑤?whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用,
而if那么不能,如:
Ididn???tknowwhethertolaughortocry.
Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.
引导主语从句(包括从句在句首的位置)应当
用whether,不用if,如:
Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.
Whetherhewil