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文件名称:英语句子的平行结构.docx
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平行构造

一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的构造

并列连词and,but,aswellas,or,orelse,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…but(also),ratherthan等以及附属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的构造。

1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致

例1:Hewentdowntown,boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter.

例2:Gunpowderwasdiscoveredinthetwelfthcentury,butnotusedinwarfareuntiltwohundredyearslater.

2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致

例1:Yoursemestergradeisbasednotonlyonhowwellyoudooneachtest,butalsoonhowyouparticipateinclass.

例2:Weoftengotothecountrysideaswellastofactories.

例3:Iwouldmuchrathergotothecountrysidethanstayhere.

3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致

例1:Somefindswimmingmoreenjoyablethansittingathomereading.

例2:Hewasengagedinwritingaletterratherthanreadingthenewspaper.

4.所连接的句子构造必须一致

例1:Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenandallthatyouhavetoldhim.

例2:Thepurposeoftheresearchhadamoredifferentmeaningforthemthanitdidforus.

二、某些特定的固定构造。例如:

(1)有些词后要用平行构造。例如:

prefersthtosth

preferdoingsthtodoingsth

prefertodosthratherthandosth

1)Ipreferricetonoodles.

2)IpreferwatchingTVtolisteningtomusic.

3)Hepreferredtodieratherthansurrender.

(2)有些构造中要用平行构造。例如:

would/hadrather/soonerdosomethingthandosomething,would/hadassoondosomethingasdosomething(宁可……也不……)

1)LiuHulansaidshehadratherdiethangiveup.

2)Iwouldassoonstayathomeasgo.

III局部强调句

要强调句子的某一局部,可以把句子的构造改变一下,通常有两种表示强调的句式:Itis/was…that…构造和What…is/was…构造。

一、Itis/was…that…构造

1.Itis/was…that…构造可以用来强调句子中几乎任何局部

例1:ItwasmymotherthatthrewaneggatMr.Liyesterday.

例2:ItwasMr.Lithatmymotherthrewaneggatyesterday.

2.被强调的局部指人时,可用who枵whom

强调主语时,如果指的是人,可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时,如果指点的是人,可用whom。例如:

1〕Itwasthedeanwhowalkedby.

2〕ItwasMarywhomtheoldladymissedmost.

3被强调局部指物时,要用that

例如:ItwasaneggthatmymotherthrewatMr.Liyesterday.

4.被强调局部是状语时,也只能用that,不能用when或where.

例1:It