1虚拟语气(二)TheSubjunctiveMood《高等学校英语应用能力考试辅导》系列微课之十
1复习虚拟语气的定义2学习时态后退一格构成的虚拟语气用法3掌握虚拟语气在句子中的运用学习目标
虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood定义语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对说话内容的看法和态度。英语中用来表示主观愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。“should+动词原形”构成的虚拟语气时态后退一格构成的虚拟语气
ifonly,asif/though,wish引导的从句wouldrather引导的从句if引导的从句123时态后退一格构成的虚拟语气用法现在一般过去时态过去过去完成时态虚拟方式:时态后退一格
wishifonlyasif/thoughwish后面的宾语从句表示不可能发生的愿望。一般过去时态(现在)过去完成时态(过去)would/could/might+V.(将来)ifonly引导的状语从句表示与客观事实相反的情况。一般过去时态(现在)过去完成时态(过去)would/could/might+V.(将来)asif/though引导的状语从句表示与客观事实相反的情况。一般过去时态(现在)过去完成时态(过去)would/could/might+V.(将来)1.ifonly,asif/though,wish引导的从句
与过去事实相反的情况,用过去完成时态与现在事实相反的愿望,用一般过去时态??Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.IfonlyIknewhowtooperatethecomputer.Forexample将来不可能发生的愿望,用would/could/might+动词原形?IwishIcouldseeyouagain.
wouldratherwouldsoonerhadrather?Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.?IwouldratherIhadnttoldyouthetruthyesterday.?Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.2.wouldrather引导的从句注意一般过去时态(现在)过去完成时态(过去)一般过去时态(将来)
1234含蓄虚拟条件句if引导的从句使用虚拟语气时的倒装形式错综条件虚拟语气3.if引导的从句非真实条件句
非真实条件句1)非真实条件句If从句现在过去将来过去时过去完成时would/could/should/might+V.would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去时2.weretodo3.should+V.would/could/should/might+V.主句1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.2.Ifyouhadcomeherelastnight,youwouldhavemethim.3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldstayathome.werewouldgivehadcomewouldhavemetshouldrainwouldstay
?Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.?Butforthemeeting,Iwouldhavegonehomeatthattime.2)含蓄虚拟条件句注意would/could/should/might+V.(现在)would/could/should/might+havedone(过去)without,butfor,otherwise等引导的短语或句子相当于一个省略if从句的虚拟语气,虚拟方式与if引导的虚拟语气的主句变化形式相同
假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。if从句主句现在过去时would/could/should/might+V.过去过去完成时would/could/should/might+havedone将来1.过去时2.weretodo3.should+V.would/could/should/might+V.3)错综条件虚拟语气Ifyouhadtakenmyadviceyesterday,youwouldbemuchbetternow.过去完成时would/coul