考研英语核心语法
--有“法”可依
主讲人:薛冰老师(SnowIce)
考研英语核心语法
?英语中单个的动词(以v.表示)只能充当谓语,那么如果想让v.充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、状语、补语、独立成分等,则需要改变v.的形式。具体方法有四种:把v.变为不定式(tov.)、现在分词(v.-ing)、动名词(v.-ing)
和过去分词(v.-ed),这就是非谓语结构。
功能
分类
作名词主语、宾语)
作形容词
(定语、表语、
补语)
作副词(状语)
todo
√
√
√
doing
√(动名词)
√
√
done
√
√
?一般规律:
?①非谓语作定语时通常置于名词之后,即:n+todo/doing/done;
?②非谓语作状语时通常的形式是:
todo/doing/done,句子;
或:句子,todo/doing/done.
?例1:
?Differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished.
?解析:
?Differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselection(totakeadvantageofit)havediminished.
?译文:
?人与人的差别以及利用这种差别进行自然选择的机会已经减少了。
?例2:
?Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptorsavailableforunfamiliarandemergencysignalssuchasthesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.
?解析:
?Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptorsavailableforunfamiliarandemergencysignalssuchasthesmellofsmoke,(whichmightindicatethedangeroffire).
?译文:
?大脑认为最好使气味感受器能随时用于接收不熟悉的和紧急的信号,例如烟味,因为这可能暗示着有火灾的危
。
险
?例3:
?Itisdifficulttothepointofimpossibilityfortheaveragereaderundertheageoffortytoimagineatimewhenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers.
?解析:
?Itisdifficult(tothepointofimpossibility)fortheaveragereaderundertheageoffortytoimagineatime(whenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers).
?译文:
?对于40岁以下的普通读者而言,他们难以想象一个可以在大多数大城市的报纸上读到高质量的艺术评论的时代。
?例4:
?Toreadsuchbookstodayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlearnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies.
?解析:
?Toreadsuchbookstodayistomarvelatthefact(thattheirlearnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies).
?译文:
?如今读一读这类些书籍会使人们惊