SecondaryOnomatopoeiaItmeansthatcertainsoundsandsoundsequencesareassociatedwithcertainsensesinanexpressiverelationship.第30页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日Sn-breath-noise:sniff,snuff,snore,snort2)quickseparationormovement:snip,snap,snatch3)creeping:snake,snail,sneak,snoop第31页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日Sl-slippery:slide,slip,slither,slush,sluice,sludge2)pejorativesense:slattern,slut,slang,sly,sloppy,slovenly第32页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日Sk-:与表面接触:skate,skim,skin,skid,skimp-ump:表示圆形体:plump,chump,rump,hump,stump,dump,mump第33页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日/h/表示猛烈使劲时的气喘声:heavy,haste,hurry,hit,heave,hoarse,hurl等第34页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日Wh-表示“剧烈”的拟声词:wham,whang,whap,whop,wheeze,whicker,whinny,whomp,whoop第35页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日Wordswhichwereformedbymeansofmorphologicalstructurebelongtothecategoryofmotivationbymorphology.Compoundsandderivedwordsaremulti-morphemicwordsandthemeaningsofmanyofthemarethesumtotalofthemorphemescombined.2.Morphologicalmotivation形态理据第36页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日Whenwetalkedaboutderivationalaffixes,wesaidmostofthemhaveaspecificmeaning,andwhenaddedtoaroot,theyderiveanewword.Ifoneknowsthemeaningoftheaffixandtheroot,say–ableandread,thenonecanimmediatelytellthatthemeaningofthewordreadableis“thatcanberead”.Wesaythewordismorphologicallymotivated,foradirectconnectioncanbeobservedbetweenthemorphemicstructureofthewordanditsmeaning.第37页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日关于词汇学词的意义及理据第1页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日OutlineWordMeaning词义Motivationsofmeaning词的理据词的意义究竟指什么?这个词为什么是这个意思?第2页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日关于词义的一些基本理论和基本概念wordsdefinedasthingswordsdefinedasreference第3页,共52页,星期日,2025年,2月5日1wordsdefinedasthingsWordmeaningcanbedefinedasareciprocalrelationbetweennameandmeaning.‘Meaning’iswhattheformstandsfor.意义指的是它代表的内容。e.g.desk:somethingyousitatandyo