北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题2023年11月11日
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Singapore,thesmallestcountrybysurfaceareainSoutheastAsia,issituatedonanisland85milesfromtheequator(赤道).Asaresult,theislandexperiencesahotandhumidclimate.Overthelastsixdecades,Singaporestemperatureshaverisentwiceasfastastheglobalaverage.LetsfindoutwhySingaporeisfacingtheseissuesandthesolutionsbeingexplored.
(76)Urbanizinganareacancreatewhatisknownasaheatisland.Urbanareaschangeoriginalnaturalviewandaddconcretebuildingsthatabsorbvastamountsofheat.ThisleadstowhatiscalledtheUrbanHeatIslandEffect.InSingapore,certainsuburbanblocksandareasareupto7℃hotterthanundevelopedareas.Suburbanareasproduce70%moreglobalemissions(排放)thanruralareasfromcarexhaust,industrialsystems,andresidentialbuildings.Concreteandasphalt(沥青),usedinbuildingsandroads,absorblargeamountsofheatduringthedayandslowlyreleaseitatnight.(77)Thedensebuildingsalsoblockairflow,makingcitieshotter.
Toaddresstheseeffects,Singaporehasmadesignificanteffortsoverthelasttwodecadestogreenthecity,earningthenameGardenCity.Thegovernmentplansonaddingonemillionmoretreesoverthenextdecade.However,thishastobedoneinaplannedmannerastoomuchvegetationcanreducewindflowwhichisessentialformovingcoolairintothecity.
SingaporealsoincludesV-shapedbuildingdesignsandvaryingbuildingheightstoincreaseairflowfromnearbybodiesofwater.Thereareevensimpledesignchangeshiddenwithinth