第PAGE72页（共NUMPAGES72页）

2024-2025学年下学期高中英语外研社版（2019）高二同步经典题精练之阅读理解

一．阅读理解（共20小题）

1．Bytheendofthecentury，ifnotsooner，theworldsoceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate，accordingtoanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms，thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue，dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheoceansappearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface，wheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie，theyburycarboninthedeepocean，animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheoceanswarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth，sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow，butalsonutrients.

StephanieDutkiewicz，ascientistinMITsCenterforGlobalChangeScience，builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters，suchasthoseoftheArctic，awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturngreener.Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging，shesaid，butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.

Andwhydoesthatmatter？Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean，Dutkiewiczsaid，itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Wh